Iron Toxicity and Hypothalamic Dysfunction: The Central Role of Kisspeptin Signaling in Thalassemia Associated Delayed Puberty
Keywords:
B-thalassemia; iron overload; hypothalamic dysfunction; kisspeptin; KISS1; KISS1R; delayed puberty; hypogonadotropic hypogonadism; oxidative stress; neuroendocrinologyAbstract
Background: Delayed puberty is among the most prevalent endocrine complications in transfusion-dependent βthalassemia, primarily resulting from chronic iron overload and its toxic effects on the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis. While pituitary dysfunction has historically
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References
Moos T, Morgan EH. The metabolism of neuronal iron and its pathogenic role in neurological disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004;1012:14-26.
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