Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Emerging Toxicological Entities: Exposure Pathways, Toxicokinetics, and Organ-Specific Risk Assessment
Keywords:
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles, Toxicological Entities, ToxicokineticsAbstract
Background: Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have become integral to a wide range of biomedical, industrial, food,agricultural, and environmental applications due to their magnetic properties, tunable surface chemistry, and perceivedbiocompatibility. However, the rapid expansion of their production and use has positioned IONPs as emerging toxicological entities of increasing relevance
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Valdiglesias V, Fernández-Bertólez N, Kiliç G, Costa C, Costa S, Fraga S, Bessa MJ, Pásaro E, Teixeira JP, Laffon B. Are iron oxide nanoparticles safe? Current knowledge and future perspectives. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2016;38:53-63.
Malhotra N, Lee JS, Liman RAD, Ruallo JMS, Villaflores OBR, Ger TR, Hsiao CD. Potential toxicity of iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles: a review. Molecules. 2020;25(14):3159.
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