Enrollment of Children with Special Needs in Elementary Schools: A Comparative Study of Punjab and Chandigarh
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.Abstract
This paper presents a comparative study of the enrollment trends of Children with Special Needs (CWSN) in elementary schools of Punjab and Chandigarh from 2009 to 2022. Utilizing data from the Unified District Information System for Education (UDISE and
UDISE+), it investigates longitudinal shifts in enrollment patterns, growth rates, and policy responsiveness. The analysis reveals a substantial and volatile rise in enrollment in Punjab, particularly following 2018, attributed to intensified household surveys and expanded deployment of special educators under the Samagra Shiksha initiative. In contrast, Chandigarh, despite its urban advantage and early progress, experienced a consistent decline in enrollment post-2014
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