Ritonga, M., Lahmi, A., Saputra, R., Mursal and Nofrizaldi, N. 2022. Online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic period: Studies on the social presence and affective and cognitive engagement of students. Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction. 12, 1 (Jan. 2022), 207–212. DOI:https://doi.org/10.47750/pegegog.12.01.21.